Membranes and molecular assemblies

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Francesca Matteucci and Franco Giovannelli

This book is a review of the most up-to-date observational and theoretical information concerning the chemical evolution of the Milky Way. A comparison between the abundances derived from field stars and clusters is presented together with information on the abundances and dynamics of gas. The role of supernovae and novae on the chemical enrichment history of our Galaxy is discussed in the framework of the most advanced and detailed chemical evolution models. The difficulties in obtaining reliable abundance measurements as well as precise predictions about stellar nucleosynthesis and chemical abundances in the interstellar medium are critically discussed by specialists in the field. Possible mechanisms for the formation and evolution of the Milky Way are suggested on the basis of comparison between theory and observations.

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Kenji Takahashi

Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Aspartic Proteinases, held in Gifu, Japan, September 1993. The purpose of the conference was to present and discuss new information on the structure, function, and biology, and related topics, including biomedical implications, of aspartic proteinases. The papers (plenary and poster) are grouped into four categories, i.e., gastric, non- gastric, retroviral, and microbial aspartic proteinases. A few of the topics: comparison of the active site specificity of the aspartic proteinases based on a systematic series of peptide substrates; discovery of inhibitors of human renin with high oral bioavailability; and inhibitor-resistant mutants of the HIV-1 aspartic protease.

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Sven Jörges

Automatic code generation is an essential cornerstone of model-driven approaches to software development. Currently, lots of techniques are available that support the specification and implementation of code generators, such as engines based on templates or rule-based transformations. All those techniques have in common that code generators are either directly programmed or described by means of textual specifications. This monograph presents Genesys, a general approach, which advocates the graphical development of code generators for arbitrary source and target languages, on the basis of models and services. In particular, it is designed to support incremental language development on arbitrary metalevels. The use of models allows building code generators in a truly platform-independent and domain-specific way. Furthermore, models are amenable to formal verification methods such as model checking, which increase the reliability and robustness of the code generators. Services enable the reuse and integration of existing code generation frameworks and tools regardless of their complexity, and at the same time manifest as easy-to-use building blocks which facilitate agile development through quick interchangeability. Both, models and services, are reusable and thus form a growing repository for the fast creation and evolution of code generators.

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Christa P.H. Mulder ... [et al

Islands with large colonies of seabirds are found throughout the globe. Seabird islands provide nesting and roosting sites for birds that forage at sea, deposit marine nutrients on land, and physically alter these islands. Habitats for numerous endemic and endangered animal and plant species, seabird islands are therefore biodiversity hotspots with high priority for conservation. This book provides a large-scale cross-system compilation, comparison, and synthesis of the ecology of seabird island systems.