One-dimensional metals

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Antonio Bianconi and Naurang L. Saini

This book is a collection of papers in the field of stripes and high Tc superconductivity. The most relevant theoretical and experimental contributions from experts in the field of stripes, presented at the Second International Conference on Stripes and High Tc Superconductivity, are selected for publication. The book includes contributions on other stripe phases observed in manganites, nikelates, spin ladders, and heterostructures. Since a large stream of research in a growing community is converging towards the stripe scenario, this book serves as an important reference in the field of striped phases and high Tc superconductivity. The problem of high Tc superconductors has been a central issue in solid-state physics since 1987. After the discovery of high Tc superconductivity (HTSC) in doped perovskites, it was realized that HTSC appears in an unknown complex electronic phase of condensed matter. In the early years, all theories of HTSC were focused on the physics of a homogeneous 2D metal with large electron-electron correlations or on a 2D polaron gas. Only after 1990 a novel paradigm started to emerge in which this 2D metallic phase is described as an inhomogeneous metal. This was the outcome of several experimental evidences of phase separation at low doping. Following the discovery by the Rome Group in 1992 that `the changes move freely mainly in one direction like the water running in the grooves in corrugated iron foil', a new scenario for understanding superconductivity in high Tc superconductors was opened. Since the charges move like rivers, the physics of these materials shifts towards the physics of novel mesoscopic heterostructures and complex electronic solids. Therefore, understanding the striped phases in the perovskites not only provides an opportunity to understand the anomalous metallic state of cuprate superconductors, but also suggests a way to design new materials of technological importance. The stripes are begetting a field of general scientific interest.

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Shigeji Fujita and Salvador Godoy

The book describes all basic experimental facts about high temperature superconductivity of materials, with a critical temperature of 30 Kelvin and higher, and explains them microscopically starting with a Hamiltonian followed by step-by-step statistical mechanical calculations. All important theoretical formulas are derived without omitting steps and all basic questions are answered in a manner which is easy to understand. The book is therefore suitable as a textbook for a second-year graduate physics course. Many fresh, and some challenging, ideas are presented and researches in the field are invited to examine the text.

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P.L. Christiansen, M.P. Sørensen, A.C. Scott, (eds

Nonlinear science is by now a well established field of research at the interface of many traditional disciplines and draws on the theoretical concepts developed in physics and mathematics. The present volume gathers the contributions of leading scientists to give the state of the art in many areas strongly influenced by nonlinear research, such as superconduction, optics, lattice dynamics, biology and biomolecular dynamics. While this volume is primarily intended for researchers working in the field care, has been taken that it will also be of benefit to graduate students or nonexpert scientist wishing to familiarize themselves with the current status of research.

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Ira N. Levine

Providing an introduction to quantum chemistry, this book covers quantum mechanics, atomic structure, and molecular electronic structure. It demonstrates the usefulness and limitations of quantum-mechanical methods for the calculation of molecular properties. It is useful for beginning graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in this field.