by Xu Xianping zhu (2015)
Ben shu yi jing ji zhuan xing sheng ji wei he xin zhu ti, yi"shi er wu" "shi san wu" shi qi wei si kao dui xiang, fen xi liao dang qian cun zai de zhu yao wen ti he wei lai mian lin de fa zhan huan jing, ti chu liao jing ji zhuan xing sheng ji de ji ben si kao he ruo gan zhan lüe zhong dian, shi yi ben li lun yu shi jian xiang jie he de zhu zuo, dui zheng ce zhi ding he xue shu yan jiu ju you jiao gao de can kao jia zhi.
Elizabeth Hill Boone
"Well-illustrated overview of the Aztec empire and society's development drawn from ethnohistoric sources and excavations at major imperial centers. Basic introduction for nonspecialists"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.
João Fragoso e Manolo Florentino
"Explores continuity of skewed income distribution in Brazil by examining consistent reproduction of a colonial economy defined here as the growing enrichment of the mercantile elite and the constant pauperization of the free poor"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.
Susan Hodgett, David Johnson and Steven A. Royle
"There is longstanding public, academic and governmental recognition that regionalism is important in defining a nation and there is an awareness that socio-economically healthy regions are vital to the national well-being of the broader state. Yet all countries possess regional socio-economic disparities of greater or lesser degrees." "This collection of 17 articles by scholars and practitioners from Ireland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, documents interventions that address regional disparity by challenging established patterns and seeking to build community capacity. Participatory democracy, the values of localism, small group dynamics, co-operativism, grass-roots activism and decision-making that flows "bottom-up," are slowly informing public policy initiatives on both sides of Atlantic."--Jacket.
Charles L. Flynn, Jr
The society of the postbellum South was built upon two interweaving but ultimately irreconcilable systems: a racist caste system and an economic class system. The caste system was supposed to assure that all whites would be equals above the underclass of black laborers. But the class system that emerged in the years after the war placed lower-class whites in the same economic position as the emancipated slaves -- a situation totally at odds with prevailing white ideology. In White Land, Black Labor, Charles Flynn examines the interplay of the caste and class systems of Reconstruction Georgia, revealing how the efforts of both the planters and poorer whites to retain blacks in a position of subservience assured that in this state -- as in the South as a whole -- there would be little significant economic progress until well into the next century. The caste faith of the white Georgians encouraged landowning employers to seek increased exploitation rather than economic growth; at the same time, it motivated landless whites to focus their energies on the greater subordination of black laborers rather than on achieving equality with wealthier whites. Despite the facade of southern caste faith, the constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction assured that blacks could not legally be treated as a separate laboring class. As a result, the measures employed by the planters to increase their control over the black laborers applied to a growing number of landless whites as well. With blacks more free and whites more oppressed than the prevailing social ideology deemed appropriate, the distinction between the system of class division among whites and the caste barrier that separated blacks and whites began to fracture -- leading to political dissent in the nineteenth century and setting the stage for the demagogue politicians of the twentieth century.